Glossary

May 15, 2009

1920 x 1080
This indicates the display resolution of the plasma screen, with 1920 pixels horizontally and 1080 pixels vertically. Also dubbed as Full HD resolution, these images can be scanned either progressively or interlaced format.

24fps
It is abbreviated form of 24 frames per second mode. It helps to enhance the picture performance of the television especially while watching blockbusters.

16:9
This refers to the aspect ratio of television; also called as letter box mode or widescreen mode, it helps to augment the picture quality and overall performance of the television compared to the conventional 4:3 ratio.

Aspect ratio
It refers to the ratio of pixel width to the pixel height. Generally the aspect ratio is 4:3; 16:9 format known as widescreen mode is also gaining prevalence now. With the technological advancements, ultra widescreen aspect ratio of 221:9 is also introduced recently.

Brightness
It is one among the major parameters that controls the picture performance and output quality of a television. The brightness level of a television must be optimised to attain good picture quality.

Built-in Tuner
The HD signals can be received by the television from the local affiliates using the set top box(external receiver) or a built-in tuner. Built-in tuner is the receiver box installed inside the television to receive the HD video content, thereby eliminating the need for external set top box.

Burn in
It is the image aberration seen mainly in plasma display panels. It is the process in which the static images leave behind a mark even after the new image is displayed in the screen.

Chroma Signal
It points to the colour signals in the composite video output. Chrominance signal is yet another name of chroma signals.

Composite video
A Composite Video Signal consists of chrominance signal as well as luminance signal of an image. It also possess the synchronising information.

Component Video
In a Component Video signal, the luminance and chrominance information are kept separate. The encoding/decoding artefacts is much less in the component video signal.

Contrast Ratio
It refers to the range of darkest black and whitest white a television can display simultaneously. The contrast ratio is one of the key factor that determines the picture clarity and detailing of a television. The higher the contrast ratio, the better the colour range and performance of the television.

Comb Filter
It is one of the image quality augmentation techniques used in the display industry to boost the performance of the television. CCD filter, 2-line Digital filter(2D Filter), Normal glass comb filter, 3-line Digital Filter(3D Filter) and 3D Y/C comb filter, etc. are few types of comb filter available in the market.

CRT
It is the conventional display technology, and is outsmarted by the advanced LCD and Plasma Display Technology. Cathode Ray Tube uses an electron gun to fire electrons in to the phosphor coating in the screen, thereby illuminating the phosphors to display the image.

DBS
It is the acronym for Direct Broadcasting Via Satellite. The television programs are received directly from the satellites with the help of satellite dish installed in the roof-top.

Digital Television
In digital television, the broadcast signals are transmitted as digital data. DTV is more accurate compared to the analogue television.

Dolby Surround
It is the first generation home theater format that retrieves the audio signals from the encoded material, and is then fed to the speakers.

Down-Conversion
It is the process of converting the high resolution video signals into lower display resolution to match the specifications of the display.

DVI
It refers to the high bandwidth video connection between the television and any other DVI compatible device. This is solely digital connection.

EDTV
It is the acronym for Enhanced Definition Television. It is the video format in which the television comes with 480 progressively scanned lines.

Energy Star
It determines the energy efficiency of the television. The television can comes with the energy star label only if it meet the strict standards set by the International Energy Star Council.

Frequency
It refers to the total number of occurrences of a recurring process in one second. It is measured in Hertz or cycles per second.

Frame Rate
It is the measure of the quantity of frames transmitted in one second.

Ghosting
It is one of the picture imperfections in the plasma display panels that leaves an excess outline or shadow that ruins the perfection and quality of the image.

HD
It is the acronym for High Definition. HD signals are capable of rendering exceptional video quality with the immaculate colour range and fine detailing.

HDTV
It is the abbreviation for High Definition Television. HDTV showcases much better performance compared to the conventional television.

HD-Ready
It indicates the capability of the television to display HD video content.

HDMI
It is the acronym for High Definition Multimedia Interface. It is video connectivity option that can transmit the uncompressed video and audio signal simultaneously. Moreover the HDMI inputs comes with HDCP copy protection.

HDCP
It is the acronym for High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection. Intel developed this copy protection strategy and can be used along with the DVI inputs and HDMI inputs.

Interlaced Scanning (I)
It is the type of video scanning in which one frame is composed of two different fields to produce the complete image. The two different fields are spaced 1/50 or 1/60 second apart and renders par image quality compared to the progressive scanning.

LCD
It is the abbreviation of Liquid Crystal Display. In this technology, Liquid Crystal Cells are sandwiched between two thin glass plates, and when electrified the crystals will align themselves in such a way to reproduce the clone of input image in the display by controlling the passage of light.

Luminance
It refers to the component video signal which holds the details about the light intensity or brightness of the composite video signal.

Memory Stick
It is the removable storage device that can be used to store digital data. USB, Flash memories, etc. are a couple of variations of memory sticks that are easily available in the market.

Pixel
It is the basic picture element in an image. The total amount of pixels refer to the quality of the image. Higher the number of pixels, the better the picture clarity.

Progressive Scan
It is the scanning method in which an image is scanned in the single frame itself. The bandwidth used by this scanning method is higher; however the picture quality is also quite high compared to the interlaced scanning.

Plasma Display
It is one of the most hottest display technologies in use currently. In plasma technology, the numerous embedded cells are made use to display the output image. Each cell consists of three sub-cells, and the plasma gas filled in between the three sub cells glow accordingly to produce the exact replica of the input image.

Resolution
It can be defined as the smallest element of the image that can be resolved in the screen. It is one of the most important parameter that affects the video performance of the television.

Screen Size
It is the diagonal length of the television screen from one corner to another.

Subpixel
It is the building blocks of a pixel. The sub-pixels combine together to shape a pixel.

SCART
It is one of the video input techniques incorporated in the television or any other device to feed the digital input easily into the device.

S-Video
It is the advanced version of composite video input, and is one of the common connectivity option in most of the hi-fi televisions. It is purely a video connection, and one needs a separate audio connection for listening to the dialogues.

Up-conversion
The conversion of low resolution images to the high reoslution format, say HD format can be defined as up-conversion.

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